Wheelchair Safety Concerns
Wheelchair users should have basic knowledge of wheelchair safety. Much of wheelchair safety concerns how the center of gravity changes when the wheelchair user performs certain activities like reaching for objects or picking up items off the floor.
The mechanics of the wheelchair should be inspected regularly for proper functioning. The brakes are especially important to check as they may wear and become less effective over time. Necessary repairs should not be ignored.
When reaching for an object on the floor, the wheelchair user should avoid reaching between their knees which could cause the wheelchair to tip forward. Instead, the wheelchair user should position the wheelchair beside the object and lean slightly to the side to pick up the object.
Stretching and reaching backwards and shifting the body to reach backwards are not safe since they could cause the wheelchair to tip backwards. It would be much safer for the wheelchair user to reposition the wheelchair so that the item is within the natural extension of the arm.
When using steps or crossing over curbs, the only safe way is for the wheelchair users to have the assistance of an attendant. The wheelchair user should use ramps or ways to avoid these obstacles if the wheelchair user is alone.
Wet surfaces and holes can often be avoided if the wheelchair user is paying attention. These are sometimes referred to as surface hazards. If the problematic area cannot be avoided, it should be negotiated carefully.
Negotiating inclines and declines take more strength than being on a flat surface. The wheelchair user should know their own capabilities for moving on inclining or declining surfaces before attempting them alone.
Special wheelchair safety features are available to meet the specific needs of wheelchair users. For example, a wheelchair belt with an alarm can alert attendants if a wheelchair user who is at high risk of falling attempts to rise from the wheelchair.
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